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ABS: Researchers Test Temperature & Speed Settings in FDM 3D Printing https://ift.tt/2EmKs50 In ‘Layer-to-Layer Physical Characteristics and Compression Behavior of 3D Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Metastructures Fabricated using Different Process Parameters,’ Wright State University researcher Sivani Patibandla investigates how well ABS performs under pressure, measuring varied responses to temperature and speed, using a MakerBot 2X Replicator 3D printer. Fabrication of phononic metastructures (often lattice or periodic structures) was examined in comparison to a multitude of previous studies regarding materials and 3D printing, as Patibandla used FDM 3D printing for this study employing several different types of hardness tests. Nine different 3D printed cubes were produced with 50 percent infill density using three different speeds. Samples were created in SolidWorks, fabricated on the MakerBot, and then compression tests were performed using INSTRON 5500R.
Each cube had a build size of 30 mm × 30 mm ×30 mm, with side shells removed via milling so that research could be more easily performed—ultimately resulting in dimensions of 24 mm × 24 mm × 30 mm. Patibandla points out that they were able to vary the following variables:
Parts were built at temperatures of 210˚C, 230˚C, 250˚C and fabrications speeds of 100 mm/s,125 mm/s, and 150 mm/s. The cubes were viewed from the top using three different magnifications of 6.3, 18, and 20.
Cross sections were also viewed at magnifications of 10,16, and 18. Patibandla noted that fibers from low fabrication temperatures seemed more uniform than those 3D printed at high printed temperatures. Compression testing was performed under displacement control of 0.5 mm/min, with each sample compressed up to 15 mm crush length, at 50 percent of heights. Stress-strain curves were plotted to find the following:
In evaluating hardness, the Vickers test was used on all the samples.
In using three different 3D printing speeds at 100 mm/s, 125 mm/s, and 150 mm/s, the modulus increased as temperature increased from 210 ˚C to 250 ˚C.
All results pointed toward more yield and failure strengths in the presence of higher temperatures. The research also showed that speed did not affect any mechanical characteristics.
What do you think of this news? Let us know your thoughts! Join the discussion of this and other 3D printing topics at 3DPrintBoard.com. WARNING: We do wish to point out a word of warning here. Your actual printing temperature may be different from the one indicated. It is not uncommon to find desktop 3D printers that are printing +/- 20 Degrees C from their indicated temperature. The cause of this could de a number of things but it mostly related to the fact that many manufacturers do not test for the actual nozzle temp per individual unit using an external temperature probe (eg an infrared thermometer). This combined with the variability of mounting of temperature sensors on the head leads to differences between units. This means that printing at 240 C may actually mean that you may be printing at 260 or above. With 3D printing, in general, we would suggest that you use a fume hood to reduce the harmful chemicals and particles that you may inhale. Specifically, when printing right below, around or at the degradation temperature of any material we would urge caution. With ABS the thermal degradation temperature is around 260 C which means that an indicated print temperature on your printer of 240 C or above may actually mean that you are processing at 260 C and the ABS compound will at this temperature be releasing gasses such as but not limited to HCN. HCN or Hydrogen Cyanide is an extremely poisonous substance and contact with it should be avoided at all costs. We would urge all 3D printer users to use an external unit to measure actual nozzle temperature and to obtain a fume hood before printing. You wouldn’t want to drive your car without knowing what speed you’re going at. Additional Reporting by Joris Peels (eg annoying but important warning) [Source / Images: Layer-to-Layer Physical Characteristics and Compression Behavior of 3D Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Metastructures Fabricated using Different Process Parameters] Printing via 3DPrint.com | The Voice of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing https://3dprint.com February 20, 2019 at 06:24PM
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